In piping, a Gasket is sealing material placed between connecting flanges to create a static seal, which will maintain the leakage proof sealing in all operating conditions. Different types of gaskets are used to achieve the leak proof sealing between the pipe flange. The primary function of gaskets is to seal the irregularities of each face of the flange so that there will be no leakage of the service fluid from the flange joint.
Jenis Gasket untuk digunakan dalam pelayanan cairan yang diberikan adalah tergantung pada parameter seperti
1. Temperature – Gasket material must withstand entire design temperature range of the fluid it handles.
2. Pressure – Gasket material must withstand entire design pressure range of the fluid it handles.
3. Corrosion resistance – Gasket material should not corrode when it comes in contact with the fluid it handles or by the environmental exposure.
4. Types of fluid – Gasket material should be capable of dealing with different type of fluids if installed in line that handles more than one types of fluids.
5. Robustness – The gasket must be capable of withstanding all movement that may occur due to change in temperature and pressure.
6. Availability – Gasket should be easily
7. Cost – Cheap and unreliable gasket should not be used at the same time it should not be costly.
Pemilihan Gasket
pilihan yang tepat gasket tergantung pada faktor-faktor berikut.
Kompatibilitas dari bahan gasket dengan cairan.
Kemampuan untuk menahan tekanan-suhu sistem.
Layanan kehidupan gasket
It is important to understand the requirements of particular applications before making gasket selection. Gaskets must maintain a seal for an acceptable period against all the operational forces involved. There are eight important properties which any gasket must possess to achieve this –
1. Impermeability – The gasket should not be porous to the fluid being sealed.
2. Compressibility – The gasket should compress into the imperfections on the flange sealing faces to create the initial seal.
3. Stress relaxation (creep resistance) – The gasket should not show significant flow (creep) when subjected to load and temperature. Such flow will allow the bolts to relax, reduce gasket surface stress and cause leakage.
4. Resilience – Although normally stable, flanges do in fact move slightly relative to one another under the influence of cycling temperature and pressure. The gasket should be capable of compensating for such movements.
5. Chemical resistance – The gasket should withstand chemical attack from the process medium being handled. Likewise, the gasket material itself must not contaminate the process medium.
6. Temperature resistance – The gasket should be able to withstand the effects of the maximum and minimum temperatures within the process and the external atmospheric temperatures.
7. Anti-stick – The gasket has to be easily removable after use.
8. Anti-corrosion – The gasket must not cause corrosion of the flange faces.
Jenis Gasket
Ada tiga jenis gasket digunakan dalam proses perpipaan.
Non-Metallic
Metalik
Gabungan
Non-Metallic | Metallic – Ring Gasket | Gabungan |
Compressed Non-Asbes Fiber Gasket (CNAF) | Oval Cincin Gasket | Gasket Luka spiral |
PTPE Gasket | Octagonal Cincin Gasket | Comprofile Gasket |
rubber Gasket | Logam berjaket Gasket |
Semua bahan diperlakukan dengan lapisan anti-stick di kedua belah pihak untuk lebih melindungi gasket dan mesin itu sendiri.
Bahan | gasket Jenis | Bahan | Aplikasi | Maksimum Durasi Suhu pendek |
NCA-45 | Cork Gasket | Gabus / sintetis campuran karet | Resistensi Minyak media aplikasi Sealing paling: p Valve Covers p Oil Pans p Transmission Pans |
hingga 200 ° C (392 ° F) |
CMP-4000 | kertas Gasket | Dikompresi materi mikropori, menggabungkan matriks serat sintetis yang unik dan sepenuhnya sembuh nitril Butadiene karet pengikat | Baik kemampuan dan torsi retensi properti untuk Aplikasi OEM dan Industri. | sampai 350 ° C (650 ° F) |
HFL-171 | kertas Gasket | Sepenuhnya sembuh nitril Butadiene pengikat karet | Tugas berat dan Industri Application: p Diesel engine p Transmission p Refrigeration p Piping |
sampai 290 ° C (550 ° F) |
HFL-781 | kertas Gasket | Dikendalikan membengkak gasket mate- rial dengan Styrene Butadiene dan pengikat karet alam | Heavy-duty Aplikasi penyegelan minyak: p Diesel engine p Oil pans p Front covers |
sampai 290 ° C (550 ° F) |
M5201 | kertas Gasket | Bahan-density tinggi dengan sepenuhnya sembuh nitril Butadiene karet pengikat | Heavy-duty Aplikasi Mesin diesel: p Oil resistance p Fuel resistance |
sampai 290 ° C (550 ° F) |
MP-15 | kertas Gasket | Mikropori dengan pengikat Nitrile Butadi- ene | Baik tekanan flange rendah kemampuan dan baut torsi retensi untuk aplikasi tugas berat: p Compressors p Diesel engines p Others |
sampai dengan 205 ° C (400 ° F) |
N-8092 | kertas Gasket | Diperkuat Selulosa dengan Nitrile pengikat | Naksir resistensi yang sangat baik pada tekanan flange tinggi untuk mesin diesel dan Aplikasi Compressor: p Oil p Fuel p Water |
sampai 180 ° C (350 ° F) |
PF-4S | kertas Gasket | serat sintetis, ers fill- maju dan Nitrile Butadiene ers bind- | Berbagai Oil, Air, dan Pendingin Aplikasi: p Oil pans p Front covers p Intake manifolds p Rear seals |
sampai 290 ° C (550 ° F) |
Bahan | gasket Jenis | Bahan | Aplikasi | Maksimum Durasi Suhu pendek | |
RN8011 | Kertas | Paking | Low density fiber selulosa ma terial dengan konten filler karet tinggi dan nitril Butadiene karet pengikat | Penyegelan yang sangat baik pada tekanan flange rendah untuk kation Minyak dan Air appli: p Engine p Transmission pan gaskets p Water pumps p Environmental seals |
sampai 180 ° C (350 ° F) |
S-8091 | Kertas | Paking | terikat bahan obat laten Styrene Butadiene dengan serat selulosa diperkuat | Penyegelan yang sangat baik untuk: p Oil p Fuel p Low-pressure Steam |
sampai 180 ° C (350 ° F) |
TS-9016 | Kertas | Paking | Sepenuhnya sembuh Styrene Butadiene pengikat karet dan campuran Ar tengah dan serat selulosa | Aplikasi Minyak dan Air | sampai 290 ° C (550 ° F) |
VB-72 | Kertas | Paking | Mikropori dengan pengikat Nitrile Butadi- ene | Aplikasi tugas berat: p Valve body p Applications with high fluid pressures and flow rates exposure p Erosion Resistance |
sampai 290 ° C (550 ° F) |
EMC-7201 | Logam | Paking | struktur komposit kepadatan tinggi, sepenuhnya sembuh Nitrile Butadiene facings terikat gasket kimia dan mekanis menyatu ke inti baja diperluas | Kinerja tinggi Mesin diesel struktural aplikasi bersama: p Aksesoris kasus p Flywheel housings p High pressure hydraulic joints |
|
HTX-900 7% | Logam | Paking | Berlapis grafit, tempera- mendatang menghadapi material yang tinggi kimia dan mekanis menyatu ke inti baja diperluas | Kekuatan tinggi, integritas termal, dan anti-stick aplikasi kinerja penyegelan: p Exhaust manifold p Tajuk p Collector p EGR system gaskets |
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ML6 | Logam | Paking | Non-asbes serat selulosa dikombinasikan dengan nitril lateks dan resin thermosetting | Kinerja tinggi, non-ekstrusi dukungan logam penyegelan aplikasi: manifold Intake Sistem transmisi Braking Aplikasi Industri | sampai dengan 205 ° C (400 ° F) |
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